red shifts of galaxies and quasars.
When a celestial object is travelling away from us the light emitted should speed up. But the speed of light remains constant in the universe, it cannot change, therefore, the wavelength shifts to the red. Because the spectra of elements such as hydrogen are known this “red shift” can therefore be measured. (For example, when excited, hydrogen gas gives off light in four distinct colours in the visible spectrum, as well as a number of lines in the infra-red and ultra-violet.)
The red shift of the light from galaxies has been found to be proportional to their brightness and their brightness has been taken as a measure of their distance. So it appears that the farther galaxies are from us the faster they are moving away from us. Of course this makes the assumption that brightness is a measure of distance and also that speed away from us is the only cause of red shifts.
Let’s Examine the Evidence.
To Quote Stephen Hawking, “I was interested in the question of whether there had been a Big Bang singularity, because that was crucial to an understanding of the origin of the universe. Together with Roger Penrose, I developed a new set of mathematical techniques, for dealing with this and similar problems. We showed that if General Relativity was correct, any reasonable model of the universe must start with a singularity. This would mean that science could predict that the universe must have had a beginning, but that it could not predict how the universe should begin: for that one would have to appeal to God.”
The Big Bang Theory is just that, a theory. The facts that have been used to verify it may be in
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